TOOTH LOSS AND FOOD CHOICES AMONG THE GERIATRICS OF AMECHI IDODO COMMUNITY NKANU EAST L.G.A, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study investigated the association between tooth loss and food choices among elderly

individuals in Amechi Idodo Community, Nkanu East Local Government Area, Enugu State,

Nigeria. A total of 150 participants aged 60 years and above were included. Dietary

information was obtained using a structured Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), while

oral examinations were conducted to assess tooth loss. Results showed that participants aged

90–100 years experienced the highest rate of tooth loss. Occupational distribution included

farmers (43.3%), traders (30.7%), self-employed (15%), civil servants (6%), and unemployed

(10%). Among respondents, 42.7% lost 1–3 teeth, 34% lost 4–6 teeth, and 23.3% lost 7–8

teeth. The most frequently consumed foods were roots and tubers (95.3%), cereals and grains

(87.3%), and fats and oils (85.3%). Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship

between tooth loss and food choices (χ² = 8.914, p = 0.012), particularly with roots, tubers,

and snacks. Respondents who consumed these foods more frequently had a greater number of

missing teeth. The study concludes that poor dentition significantly limits dietary diversity

and contributes to nutritional imbalance among older adults. Nutritionists and caregivers

should promote texture modification of foods and balanced meal planning to improve

nutrient intake and oral health among the elderly.